A recently-published review paper has outlined promising options for managing IgE-mediated tree nut allergies, potentially improving the lives of millions of people worldwide (1).

The researchers reviewed studies on current and exploratory treatment options and identified three main strategies:

1. Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT): This involves placing small doses of allergen under the tongue, gradually increasing the amount over time. Studies have shown SLIT to be effective in reducing the severity of allergic reactions.

• Oral immunotherapy (OIT): This involves taking increasing doses of allergen by mouth, starting with small amounts and gradually increasing the dose over time. OIT has been shown to be effective in preventing allergic reactions altogether.

• Monoclonal antibodies: These are drugs that block the immune system’s response to allergens. Monoclonal antibodies are still under development, but early studies have shown promise in preventing allergic reactions.

While more research is needed, these strategies offer hope for a future where people with tree nut allergies can live without fear of severe reactions.

With thanks to the INC International Nut and Dried Fruit Council for the above summary.

Did you know? A new Australian trial (2), involving 25 peanut-allergic adults, evaluated the impact of peanut oral immunotherapy, plus omalizumab (a monoclonal antibody that blocks IgE), on peanut protein tolerance over 48 weeks. It found this combination to be a safe and effective way of increasing tolerance to peanuts, by at least 3-fold, over 24 weeks – and that this was sustained at 48 weeks. Quality of life markers also significantly improved in the adult study cohort – an understudied group in food immunotherapy.